Lesson - 2 Fundamentals Of Python
📒 Notes
1. Variables & Data Types
A variable is like a container that stores a value.
In Python, you don’t need to declare the type explicitly — Python figures it out automatically.
Main Data Types
- int → whole numbers (5, -10)
- float → decimal numbers (3.14, -2.5)
- string → text ("Hello Nency")
- list → collection of items ([1, 2, 3], ["apple", "banana"])
- dict → key-value pairs ({"drug": "Paracetamol", "price": 50})
drug_name = "Paracetamol" # string
dose_mg = 500 # int
price = 1.25 # float
side_effects = ["Nausea", "Headache", "Dizziness"] # list
drug_info = {"name": "Aspirin", "dose": 100, "category": "Painkiller"} # dict
print("Drug:", drug_name)
print("Dose (mg):", dose_mg)
print("Price:", price)
print("Side Effects:", side_effects)
print("Drug Info:", drug_info)
2. Operators
Operators are symbols that let us do math or comparisons.
Arithmetic Operators
- + (addition)
- - (subtraction)
- * (multiplication)
- / (division)
- // (floor division → integer result)
- % (modulus → remainder)
- ** (exponent → power)
a = 10
b = 3
print("Addition:", a + b) # 13
print("Subtraction:", a - b) # 7
print("Multiplication:", a * b) # 30
print("Division:", a / b) # 3.33
print("Floor Division:", a // b)# 3
print("Remainder:", a % b) # 1
print("Power:", a ** b) # 1000
Comparison Operators (True/False)
- == equal to
- != not equal
- > greater than
- < less than
- >= greater or equal
- <= less or equal
3. Input / Output Examples
Input → take user data
Output → show results
drug = input("Enter drug name: ")
dose = int(input("Enter dose (mg): "))
price = float(input("Enter price ($): "))
print("\n--- Drug Details ---")
print("Name:", drug)
print("Dose:", dose, "mg")
print("Price: $", price)